Radiator.



L. LOZIANO.

RADIATOR.

APPLIOATIOI FILED APR. 30, 1912.

1 ,053,309. Patented Feb. 18, 1913.

2 SEBETS-8HEET 1. Tg3. N

Witnesses o/alnvntor L. LozIANo.` RADIATOR.

APPLIOATIOI FILED APB.30. 1912.

1,053,309. Patented Feb.18,1913.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

l o JSnventor n m 0 outf- @M- UNTED STATES PATENT LEON LozIANo, orPARIS, FRANCE, ASSIGNOR To SOCIT ANoNYMEgizoN'rARioN;

or NEUILLY-SURfsEINE, FRANCE, A CORPORATION F? FRANCE.'

Specification of Letters Patent.

RADIATOR.

retenue-riep. reg-lala;

Application filed April 30, 1912. Serial No. 694,199.

l `To all, 'whomvr may concern:

, vBe' it'lrnow'rn that I, LEON LozIANo, a citizeyn of France, andresiding at Paris, France, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Radiators, of which the following is a specification.

l Thisinvention relates to radiators'of the type lrnown as ribbedradiatorsf? which have ribs-located at intervals in the air passages andwhich are connected to the walls of the water ducts, so as to increasethe radiating surface, and also to impart rigidity to the structure..

, ,such exclusive use.

y The invention is particularly adaptable Vfor use in automobiles, butis not limited to The objects I have inlview are to increase I therigidity and strength of the radiator,

decrease the expense of manufacture and reduce the weight oftheradiator, and, at the Sametime, increase its efliciency. These .andfurther objects will more fullyappear from the following specificationand aci "plied to an automobile radiator. Fig. 2

com'panying drawings, consideredtogethen als.v 1

,gi-11n fthe drawings, Figure l is a front view,

or Separately.-

fone-embodiment of my invent ion,.ap is ffront. view, of. a portion ofthe structure `illustrated-in Figi, but on a larger scale, lso that thedetails aremade more promi nent. Fig. 3 is a sectional view, on the line3 3, .of Fig. 2. Figi 4 is a sectionalv view, on the line 4 4, of'Fig.3. Fig. 5 is -a planview, of a blankfrom vwhich one of the' plates, ofwhich =the radiator 'is constructed, ismade. Fig. 6 is a side'vie'w, of

'the same, but after the `flanges havebeen i' bent to Vfinal position.Fig. I is a perspective`view, of a` pile of the plates, in posi-v tion,showing the side' sheets, which define the walls of the waterducts,about to' bev serted Ain place. 'Fig isl a` perspective View, ofvthedevice used in connectionwiththe plates, for keeping them inproperrelative position. Fig.`9 is afperspe'ctive'view;

of a portion ofl onefofth'eE sectionsof the radiator incompleted"conditionfjbut before they are soldered together. 'f-FigL-l()1s a view, similar to Fig.l 4'," ,b'ut 'on alveryl much larger scale,showin'g'fonlya `.portion of one section.

In all of the views, like'pa'rts are designated by the samerefe'rencecharacters,

My improved radiator has water ducts 1,

passage. ture and augment thefradiatingLsn-nface.

Vcalled tin plate on-1 ,tin

' along the dashed linel stro-3957.11:A .in

and `air passages 2. These; water dlgxotsj and air passages crossone.anothergatfanlangle. In the embodiment chosen.;forillustratioii.this angle is a right angle.;Alsoinftheteml bodiment chosen forillustration,zx thefwater ducts are vertical, while the ain-.passagesare horizontal. This,`arrangem en however, is not essential.- ',llh.e;,a31r,passages 2 are proyided with ribs, 3,1Whchncizosfsthem at closeintervals and connectithe walls'of the water ducts on Vopposite sidesoffeaeh-f air These ribs strengthen th'ei .striic- The radiator isformed Giza-number of section, It, 4, 4, t, eachpreiferablyfpffide'ntical character. The detailibf ,the..sect' ions andthe manner of making-ther samegfaire ,as follows: Each sectionisgformegefp. plw rality of stiff metal platesli. ',Theseg `'lates formthe ribs 3, and Zals'oj xi"etinegtghefish-alpe` of the water ducts.The;pIates are preferably made of tinned-sheet' i Iiitfomnronly or"omei'other relatively cheap and, tong- Tinnedsheet iron, Ifind,iS-.pel``f. .fr

factory for the purposegf as; thefapla-ts do not come in contact with,theta/"ate .than they are broad, butthesefpmpertens may be varied asdesired,toypnoduce ajdifferent shape 'of radiator.. In-the embodimentchosen for illustrationg; ehr plate has a straight and pal-allelfpertloi of its longer sides, indicated-.at 6.' y each straight and.parallelrportiolh:s va

side ofthe water duct. Thegeitent-pfacurbend,

of the water duct. In the embodimefitchoseh for illustration, eachplate' .isprovi-dedwith a fiange 8. The flangemaybe .made ystriking upthe material atthefedgexo ,th i.p'lalte n the embodiment chosen forillustration, the portion 9 of the flange 8 which is conterminous withthe straight and parallel portion 6 of the plate, is straight, and itsfree In other of uniform height throughout. The portion 10 of the flangewhich, in the embodiment chosen for illustrationfis'shown ascont-erminous withl the curved -or bent portion 7,l vis `of less'widthor lheight thanthe portion 9,

of the flange. When the plates are piled to form a section, as shown inFig. 7, openings 11 are disclosed between the plates, such openingsbeing conterminous with the lower portions -10 of the flange. 'Theheight of the portions 9 of the flanges of the plates will determine thedistance at which Vthe plates are spaced apart. The height of the lowerportions 10 of the flange, will deterl mine the width of the openings11. These flanges may be so low at the portion 10 that they are ofnegligible height, in which case the openings 11 will be of the maximumwidth, with a given spacing of the plates.

The plates 5, which constitute a section which, in theembodiment chosenfor illustration, is as high as the radiator, are piled together asshown in Fig. 7, and `are suitably spaced. Each plate will rest upon thehigh portion 9 of the flanges of the plate below it. In addition to theflanges, each plate is provided with lips 12, adjacent to each en'd.These lips maybe conveniently formed by continuing the flanges 8 beyondthe ends of the plates, as shown. but they are not necessarily so made.The' plates constituting a section are assembled, as

shown in Fig. 7, and sheets 13 are placed against each side -of the pileor bundle. These sheets 13 are preferably as wide as the length of theplates, and as long as the height of the pile. 'Ihey are preferably madeof very thin brassorcopper, so that they will be pliable and, atthe sametime, Will -not be corroded by the action of the Water. The sheets areplaced in position against the sidesof the pile of plates, and engagewith the edges of the plates 6. The edges of the-sheets lie under thelips 12. These latter lips are bent down so as to grasp the edge of thesheet, holding the latby a hammering or pressing operation so that vtheyare ,forced tightly and closely against the edge of the sheets. In orderto assist in holding the plates in proper position to apply the sheets,the device illustr-ated in Fig. 8 may be employed. 'This device consistsof a `comb 19, of any suitable material and of such a shape that theinterstices between the fingers of the comb are spaced the same as theplates Will be inv the finished section.

After the sheets 13 are 1n place and secured by the lips, Vthey areforced into close -engagement with the side edges of the plates 5. AnyVsuitable tool or mode of operation such engagement. As anadditionalrefinement of the invention,"I prefer to force the I may beused 'for forcing these sheets into 'l materialy of the sheets into thespaces 1.1,

so that the materialis distorted at these places and is formed intheshape of corrubined, the juxtaposed sheets 13, ofopposing sections, willdefine the water ducts. In other Words,onehalf of each Water duct is,formed of the curved or bent depression in the side of the section, saiddepression extending throughoutthe height of the sectio`n. Solder is nowapplied to the sections, adjacent to the edges of the 'sheets 13 and theends of the plates 5, to hold the parts together. A convenient Way ofdoing' this is to dip one face of the massed sections '-f into a bath ofsolder to such a depth that the solder will enter the spaces between thecontiguous ,lips 12, and will also enterA the spaces .between vtheabutting straight portion 6,]at 15, as shownin Fig. 3. The other falceof the mass ofsections may then have solderapplied to it inthe samemanner. The radiator is now complete, with tbe addition of the top andbottom manifolds18. As the water willcome in contact witlrthe upper andlower plates of the sections, these plates 16 are best made of brass orcopper. In order to produce a proper finish and to prevent the waterfrom leaking out ofthe manifolds into the air passages, #the upper andlower edges of the sheets 13 are bent over against the upper and lowerplates ,16, as indicated at 17 (Fig. 10).

Wy improved radiator is exceedingly strong, remarkablyA durable, 'veryeflicient,

and extremely cheap to manufacture. The

greater portion of it is constituted of 4the are heid in'position andmay be distorted into close and intimate contact with the edges of theplates 5. The degree of contact between the sheets vand platesdetermines the thermal eiiiciency of the radiator, therefore, this closecontact of the sheets and rectangulary shape,

plates produces a high thermal etfciency. The lips 12 also permit theuse of very thin sheets 13, because they hold them in place while theelements of the sections are being assembled, and also hold them inplace when the several sections are being held togetherv during thesoldering operation. Vhile the radiator is in use, any pressure of waterWithin the water ducts will tend to force the sheets into more intimatecontact with the edges of the plates.

I regard the corrugation of the sheets as important but not essential.It greatly increases the strength of the radiator, causing more intimatecontact between the sheets and edges of the plates and increases thethermal eiiicienc'y, as the air can come into direct contact with thesheets. I regard the flanges of the plates as important, but notnecessary, as the plates may be held in properly spaced position bymeans of the comb 19 during the assembling of the parts, consequently,the flanges may' beomitted if desired. It is also not necessary to makethem of the shape shown, as the portions 10, of the flanges, may be`omitted, as well as the portions 9. But the lips 12 must necessarilyremain.

While I have described my invention as applied in connection withradiators for automobiles, it is apparent that it may be utilized forother purposes,-not only for cooling water, by the passage of airthrough the air passages, but for heating air, bythe use of hotfwater.The radiator may be used also fdr other purposes, such as a condenser.

v In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I havedescribed the principle of my invention, together with the apparatuswhih I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but Idesire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is merelyillustrative and that the invention can be carried out in other Ways.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is :a

1. A radiator having water ducts and 4air passages, said air passagesbeing crossed by ribs at close intervals; said radiator comprising aplurality of sections, each section being formed Aof. a plurality ofstill metal plates, forming'the ribs; each plate being of with v`theportions of opposite sides adjacent to each end, straight and' parallel,and'intermediate these straight portions, curved or bent inwardly todefine the shape of one side of a water duct, sald plates being piledtogether and spaced at regular intervals: there.y being lips on theplates adjacent to the ends thereof; sheets of thin pliant metal, oneachside of each section,y to forni a wall of thelwater; duct, the lipson the side of thep'latesrofthat section against whichthesheetengagesfbeing bent around the edgesk of such-sheet, said sheetbeingforced into close contact with the sides of the plates; the severalsections being united to one another, and the sheets and plates in eachsection being permanently connected together by means of solder, whichis applied tothe plates and sheets. adjacent to the ends of the yformerand the edges of the latter-` i j 2. A 'radiator having water ducts andair passages, said air passages being crossed by ribs at closeintervals; saidv radiator' comprising a plurality of sections, eachsection being formed of a plurality iof still' metal plates forming theribs; each plate being of rectangular shape, with the portions ofA,lopposite sides adjacent to each, end, straight and `parallel, andinterxnediate,4 these straight portions, curved yor bentinwardl'y todefine the shape of vonensidelo'f'a'vtiater duct, said plates beingkpiled together ,and spaced at regular intervalsQtherebeing lips on theplates adjacent 't'o' the ends thereof, sheets of thin pliant metal, 0heach side .of

eachy section, to form awall of the' water duct, the lips on the side ofthe plates of that section against which the sheet engages being bentaround the edges of Such sheet, said sheet being forcedk into closecontact with thev sides of the plates, and distorted into the spacesbetween the plates; Vthe yseveral sections being united to? one another,and the sheets and plates in each section be; ing permanently connectedtogether by means of solder, which 'is applied tor the plates and sheetsadjacent to v the Jends ofthe lformer and the edges of the latter.l f

3. A radiator having water ducts and air passages, said air passagesbeing crossed by ribs at close intervals; said radiator comprising aplurality of sections,.each section being formed of a plurality ofstilll metal plates forming the ribs, and piled together; each platebeing of rectangular shape, with Vthe portions of opposite sidesadjacent to each end, straight and parallehand intermediate to thesestraight portions, curved or bent inwardly to define ythe shape of `oneside of a Water duct, said plateshaving flanges at theirside-edges,v;conterminous with the straight portionse'the .freeredges ofsaid .flanges being paralleh withtheplates; so that when the:plates-.earepiled together:y they will engage at theeiflangest: andthus provide open spao'es betw hfthe middle pore tions of contiguoussheetsgtthere'beinglips on the plates adjacentgte thefendsthereof;sheets of thin pliant metal on 'eachvside'oft each section, to form avwall of the'iwater duct, the lips of the side ofthe plates of thatsection against whichsheetfengages "and the e so that when th section,

vri prising a plurality of sections, each section being bent around theedges of such sheet,

said sheet being forced into close contact with the sides of the plates;the several sections being united to one another, and the sheets andplates of each section being permanently connected togetlieriby `meansof solder, which is applied to the plates and sheets adjacent to theends of the former, and the edges of the latter.

. 4. A radlator having water ducts and air passages, said air passagesbeing crossed by ribs. at close intervals; said radiator com- B'ising aplurality of sections, each section ing formed of a plurality of stiffmetal plates forming the ribs, and piled together; each plate being ofrectangular shape, with Athe portions of opposite sides adjacent to eachendA `:traight and parallel, and intermediate these straight portions,curved or bent inwardly to define the shape of one side of a water duct,said plates ,having anges at their side edges, conterminous withthestraight portions, the free edges of said flanges being parallel withthe plates, e plates are piled together they will engage at the flanges,there being portions of the flanges extending' be ond the ends of theplates, to form lips; s eets of thin pliant metal, on each side of eachto form a wall ofthe water duct, the. lips on the side of the plates ofthat section against which the sheet engages being bent around the edgesof such sheet, Said sheet being forced into close contact with the sidesof the plates; the several sections being united to one another and thesheets and plates of each section being I permanently; connectedtogether by means of solder, w ch is applied to the plates and Sheetsad'acent to the ends of the former,

es of the latter.

' 5. A ra iator having water ducts and air passages, said air passagesbeing crossed by 'bs at close intervals; -said radiator conieing formedof a plurality of stiff metal plates forming the ribs, andpiledtogether;

:each plate being of rectangular shape, with the portions of oppositesides adjacent vto each end, Straight and parallel, and intermediatethese straight portions, curved or bent inwardly to define the'shape ofone side of a Water duct, said plates having flanges at their sideedges, conterminous with the straight portions, the free edges of saidflanges being parallel with the plates, so that when the plates arepiled together they will engage atthe flanges, the portions of theplates between the flanges forming openings between the plates; therebeing lips on the plates adjacent to the ends thereof; sheets of thinpliant metal, on each side of each section, lto form a'wall of the waterduct, the lips 'on the side of theplates of that section against whichthe sheet engages tion being `mediate these straight being bent aroundthe edges of such sheet, said sheet being forced into close contact withthe sides of the plates and distorted into the openings between theplates; the several lsections being united to one another, and thesheets and plates of each sec,-

ermanently connected together by means` o solder, which is applied tothe p ates and sheets adjacent to the ends of the ormer, and the edgesof the latter.

6. A radiator having water duct and air passages, said air ribs at closeintervals; said radiator coinprising a plurality of sections, eachsection being formed of a plurality of stiff' metal plates forming theribs, and piled together; each plate being of rectangular shape, withthe portions of opposite sides adjacent to each end, straight andparallel, and intermediate these straight portions, curved or bentinwardly to define the shape of one side of a water duct, said plateshaving flanges at their side edges, conterminous with the straightportions, the free edges of said flanges being parallel with theplatcs,'so that when the plates are piled toget fir they will engage atthe flanges, the poi tions of the plates between the flanges formingopenings between the plates; there being portions of the flangesextending beyond the ends of the plates, to form lips; sheets of thinpliantmetal, on each side of each section, to form a wall of the waterduct, the lips on the side of the plates of that section against whichthe sheet engages being bent around the edges of such sheet, said sheetbeing forced into close contact with the sides of the plates -anddistorted into the openings between the plates; the several sectionsbeing united to one another, and the sheets and plates of each sectionbeing permanently connected together by means of solder, which isapplied tot-he plates and sheets adjacent to the ends of the former andthe edges of the latter.

7. A radiator having water ducts and air passages, said air 'passagesbeing crossed by ribs at close intervals; said radiator comprising aplurality of sections, each section being fc-rmed of a plurality ofstili met-al plates .forming the ribs, and piled together; each platebein of rectangular shape, with the portions vov opposite sides adjacentto each end, lstraight and parallel, and interportions, curved or bentinwardly to define the shape 'of one side of a water duct, said plateshaving flanges at their side edges, the port-ions of said flangesconterminous with 'the straight portions having free edgeswhich areparallel withfthe plates and the portions of said l flanges conterminouswith the curved portions, being lower than the flanges whichareconterminous with the straight portions, so that when the plates arepiled together they extending beyond the ends of the plates tovformvlips; sheets of thin pliant metal, on each side of each section, toform a wall of the water duct,l the lips on the side of the plates ofthat section against which the sheet engages being bent around the edgesof the sheet, said sheet being forced into close contact with the sidesof the plates;

the several sections being united to one another, and the sheets andplates ot each section being permanently 'connected together, by meansof solder, which is applied to the plates and sheets adjacent to theends of the former and the edges of the latter.

8. A radiator having water ducts and air passages, said air passagesbeing crossed by ribs at close intervals; said radiator comf prising aplurality of sections, each secwhich are parallel with the plates, andthe portions of said flanges conterminous with the curved portions,being lower than the flanges Awhich are conterminous with the stralghtportions, so that when the plates are piled together they will engagewith the flanges .which are conterminous with the straight portions ofthe plates; there being portions ofthe flanges extending be.

yond the ends of the plates, to form lips; sheets of thin pliant metal,on each side of each section, to forma wall ofthe water duct, the lipson the side ofthe platesof that section against which the sheet engagesbeing bent around the edges of the sheet, said sheet being forced intoclose contact with the sides of the plates and distorted into theopenings or spaces between plates which is formed by the low portion ofthe flanges; .the several sections being united to one another, and thesheets and plates of each section being permanently co: nected together,by means of solder, whieiA is applied to the plates and sheets adjacentto the ends ot the former and the edges of the latter.

This specification signed and witnessed this 11th day of April, 1912.

LEON LOZIANO. Witnesses:

DnvicNoIs, H. C. Coxn.

